Molecular hydrogen regulates the expression of miR-9, miR-21 and miR-199 in LPS-activated retinal microglia cells
Liu GD, Zhang H, Wang L, Han Q, Zhou SF, Liu P. · International Journal of Ophthalmology. 2013;6(3):280-285.
Study at a glance
Preclinical
Retinal microglia cell line exposed to LPS in culture; no animals or patients were studied.
After 36 hours with or without LPS, cells received hydrogen-saturated DMEM/F12 for 24 hours. · H₂ medium was prepared under 0.5 MPa and mixed with O₂- and CO₂-saturated media at 75:20:5 by volume. The article reports an initial calibrated H₂ concentration of 1.0×10⁻⁶ and not less than 0.5×10⁻⁶ after 24 hours, but does not state the unit for those two values; O₂-saturated medium is reported as 42 mg/L.
Thirty-six-hour LPS exposure followed by 24-hour H₂-medium treatment.
After LPS, H₂ medium was associated with higher cell survival, lower miR-9/miR-21, higher miR-199, lower Myd88/IKK-β and higher PDCD4. NF-κB expression did not differ significantly between LPS and LPS plus H₂, and the control-plus-H₂ condition showed no significant survival change.
In-vitro single-cell-line model, no organism-level outcome, unclear biological-replicate total, missing units for the stated H₂ concentration values and multiple mechanistic comparisons. No funding or conflict statement was identified in the article, so absence is not inferred.
What kind of evidence is this?
Preclinical
Four-condition in-vitro retinal-microglia experiment
Eye health
Other forms
Information not yet classified
Some editorial classification fields are still pending. The source-reported outcomes and result are shown below; Hydrogenology does not infer a positive or negative signal from prose automatically.
Methods
Retinal microglia cell line exposed to LPS in culture; no animals or patients were studied.
Four conditions: control, 100 ng/mL LPS, control plus H₂ medium and LPS plus H₂ medium. qRT-PCR was performed in quadruplicate; a single biological-replicate total was not reported.
Thirty-six-hour LPS exposure followed by 24-hour H₂-medium treatment.
After 36 hours with or without LPS, cells received hydrogen-saturated DMEM/F12 for 24 hours.
H₂ dissolved in cell-culture medium. Separate H₂-, O₂- and CO₂-saturated media were mixed; this was not inhaled Brown's gas.
H₂ medium was prepared under 0.5 MPa and mixed with O₂- and CO₂-saturated media at 75:20:5 by volume. The article reports an initial calibrated H₂ concentration of 1.0×10⁻⁶ and not less than 0.5×10⁻⁶ after 24 hours, but does not state the unit for those two values; O₂-saturated medium is reported as 42 mg/L.
Control and LPS-exposed cells in ordinary medium, plus control cells in H₂-saturated medium.
Outcomes and reported result
Cell survival, miR-9, miR-21, miR-199, Myd88, IKK-β, PDCD4 and NF-κB expression.
After LPS, H₂ medium was associated with higher cell survival, lower miR-9/miR-21, higher miR-199, lower Myd88/IKK-β and higher PDCD4. NF-κB expression did not differ significantly between LPS and LPS plus H₂, and the control-plus-H₂ condition showed no significant survival change.
The complete free PMC article was checked for all four conditions, preparation method/composition, ambiguous concentration units, assay replication, positive and null findings, funding and available disclosures.
A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit.
Limitations and applicability
In-vitro single-cell-line model, no organism-level outcome, unclear biological-replicate total, missing units for the stated H₂ concentration values and multiple mechanistic comparisons. No funding or conflict statement was identified in the article, so absence is not inferred.
LPS-activated cultured retinal microglia; it does not establish treatment of retinal disease in humans.
No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Read how records and evidence assessments are prepared.
Sources and record status
PMID: 23826519 · DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2013.03.05
Free full article in PubMed Central.
Complete PMC article and PubMed metadata; full-text extraction checked 9 August 2026.
10 August 2026
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