Hydrogenology
Hydrogenology editorial study record

Inhalation of hydrogen gas attenuates ouabain-induced auditory neuropathy in gerbils

Qu J, Gan YN, Xie KL, Liu WB, Wang YF, Hei RY, Mi WJ, Qiu JH. · Acta Pharmacologica Sinica. 2012;33(4):445.

PreclinicalInhaled H₂Published 2012
Study record, not medical adviceThis page reports one source and Hydrogenology’s source-text extraction. It does not establish that molecular hydrogen is effective, safe or appropriate for any person. Human, animal and laboratory evidence must not be treated as equivalent.
Source and classification

What kind of evidence is this?

Evidence stream

Preclinical

Reported design

Randomized four-group gerbil auditory-neuropathy experiment with H₂ concentration comparison

Research topic

Other neurological conditions

Administration classification

Inhaled H₂

Study result signal

Not reported in this record.

Outcome type

Not reported in this record.

Reported in the source

Methods at a glance

Population or model

Male Mongolian gerbils aged 4–8 months after local round-window ouabain exposure.

Sample

Main outcomes used n=6 per group for saline, saline plus H₂, ouabain, and ouabain plus H₂. The article does not state one total across all 1%, 2% and 4% concentration experiments.

Duration

Two 60-minute exposures at one and six hours; apoptosis at 24 hours and hearing, hair-cell and ganglion outcomes at seven days.

Intervention

One-hour chamber inhalation at one and six hours after ouabain or saline; 1%, 2% and 4% H₂ were compared, with 2% used for the principal mechanistic assessments.

Hydrogen form

H₂ delivered in air with oxygen held at 21% — not Brown's gas.

H₂ specification

Total chamber flow was 4 L/min and O₂ was maintained at 21%. Direct calculations give H₂ flows of 40, 80 and 160 mL/min for 1%, 2% and 4% H₂, respectively, and O₂ flow of 840 mL/min.

H₂ flow

40 mL/min at 1%; 80 mL/min at 2%; 160 mL/min at 4%.

O₂ delivered with H₂

840 mL/min, based directly on 21% of the reported 4 L/min total flow.

Comparator

Saline, saline plus H₂, and ouabain without H₂; animals without H₂ were exposed to room air in the chamber.

Reported, not endorsed

Outcomes and reported result

Outcomes measured

Click and tone-burst auditory brainstem responses, distortion-product otoacoustic emissions, spiral-ganglion morphology and density, hair-cell morphology, TUNEL apoptosis and caspase-3.

Reported result

2% and 4% H₂ reduced auditory-brainstem threshold shifts, while 1% did not show the same marked effect. H₂ improved spiral-ganglion morphology/density and reduced apoptosis. H₂ did not change hearing thresholds in saline animals, DPOAE amplitudes or hair-cell morphology; ouabain itself also left those hair-cell measures unchanged.

Results-extraction completeness

The complete free PMC article was checked for randomization, concentration comparison, total flow, directly calculated H₂/O₂ flows, timing, blinded histology, positive and null findings, funding and available disclosures.

A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit. Null findings, outcome type, study design and precision all matter.

Interpretation limits

Cautions and applicability

Design and reporting cautions

Small outcome-specific groups, no overall total across concentration cohorts, animal toxin model rather than diverse human auditory neuropathies, short seven-day follow-up and no direct oxidative/inflammatory measurements. Chinese national public grants funded the work; no explicit conflict statement was identified, so absence is not inferred.

Applies directly to

Experimental ouabain-induced auditory neuropathy in gerbils; it does not establish treatment for human hearing disorders.

Preliminary appraisal framework

Not reported in this record.

Preliminary risk-of-bias status

Not reported in this record.

Appraisal rationale

Not reported in this record.

No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Certainty is assessed by important outcome across a complete eligible evidence set, not by attaching a final grade to one source.

Provenance

Sources and record status

Identifiers

PMID: 22388074 · DOI: 10.1038/aps.2011.190

Publisher access

Free full article in PubMed Central.

Extraction basis

Complete PMC article and PubMed metadata; full-text extraction checked 9 August 2026.

Record revision

2026-08-10