Molecular hydrogen is associated with immunophenotypic modulation and changes in T-cell exhaustion markers in refractory primary Sjögren’s syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease: A case report
Hsu WH, Lu JW, Ho YJ, Lui SW, Hsieh TY, Wang KY, Liu FC. · SAGE open medical case reports. 2026;14:2050313X261454858.
What kind of evidence is this?
Human
Case report
Respiratory health
Other forms
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Methods at a glance
Human participants studied for respiratory health. See eligibility criteria in the linked full text.
Human study; the article does not state one consolidated sample total, so no total is inferred.
8 months
Full text reports an oral H₂-generating preparation. Detected intervention quantities or schedules: 45%, 47%, 55%, 8 months, 14.3%, 2.9%, 26.2%, 12.2%, 4.7%, 19.0%.
an oral H₂-generating preparation — H₂ only unless the full text explicitly reports oxygen co-delivery.
H₂-related quantities reported in the intervention passages: 45%, 47%, 55%, 8 months, 14.3%, 2.9%, 26.2%, 12.2%, 4.7%, 19.0%. Values are not combined across different experimental arms.
Not applicable — no inhaled H₂ intervention was identified in the full article.
No inhaled O₂ co-delivery was identified for this non-inhalation intervention.
Control or comparison condition reported in the full article; see the linked methods for arm-specific details.
Outcomes and reported result
survival or mortality, clinical symptoms or functional scores, tumor growth or cancer markers, inflammation and cytokines, oxidative-stress and antioxidant markers, apoptosis or cell injury
Article-reported result excerpt (24 words maximum): “Conversely, DLCO showed a gradual and sustained improvement over the observation period (45%, 47%, 55%), with an upward trend continuing after the initiation of…” This excerpt is not a complete result summary; consult the linked full text for all positive and null findings.
The complete machine-readable article was checked for source identity, methods, intervention quantities, results, tables, funding and conflict declarations. This public record is based on the full article.
A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit. Null findings, outcome type, study design and precision all matter.
Cautions and applicability
Human evidence; design, sample size and comparator limit interpretation. No funding statement was identified in the machine-readable full article; absence is not inferred. No explicit conflict statement was identified in the machine-readable full article; absence is not inferred.
Applies only to the population and protocol reported in this respiratory health article.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Certainty is assessed by important outcome across a complete eligible evidence set, not by attaching a final grade to one source.
Sources and record status
PMID: 42255997 · DOI: 10.1177/2050313x261454858
A free full article is available through PubMed Central.
Official Europe PMC JATS full article and PubMed/PMC identifiers; structured full-text extraction and validation completed 8 August 2026.
2026-08-10