Hydrogen-rich water attenuates the radiotoxicity induced by tritium exposure in vitro and in vivo
Li H, Yin Y, Liu J, Lu B, Wan H, Yang L, Wang W, Li R. · Journal of radiation research. 2021;62(1):34-45.
What kind of evidence is this?
Preclinical
Randomized controlled study
Metabolic and lipid health
H₂-rich water
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Methods at a glance
cell, mice, mouse, cells used to study metabolic and lipid health.
Preclinical study; group or assay counts reported in the full text include n=20.
14 days
Full text reports H₂ dissolved in drinking water. Detected intervention quantities or schedules: 1 mM, 0.4 mL, 14 days, 10 min, 7 days, 10 μM, 30 min, 5 μM, 40 min, 60 min.
H₂ dissolved in drinking water — H₂ only unless the full text explicitly reports oxygen co-delivery.
H₂-related quantities reported in the intervention passages: 1 mM, 0.4 mL, 14 days, 10 min, 7 days, 10 μM, 30 min, 5 μM, 40 min, 60 min. Values are not combined across different experimental arms.
Not applicable — no inhaled H₂ intervention was identified in the full article.
No inhaled O₂ co-delivery was identified for this non-inhalation intervention.
Control or comparison condition reported in the full article; see the linked methods for arm-specific details.
Outcomes and reported result
survival or mortality, oxidative-stress and antioxidant markers, apoptosis or cell injury, metabolic laboratory measures, respiratory measures
Article-reported result excerpt (24 words maximum): “However, mice treated with additional HRW (HRW + HTO groups) exhibited significant higher urinary radioactivity compared to other groups within 3 days after HTO…” This excerpt is not a complete result summary; consult the linked full text for all positive and null findings.
The complete machine-readable article was checked for source identity, methods, intervention quantities, results, tables, funding and conflict declarations. This public record is based on the full article.
A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit. Null findings, outcome type, study design and precision all matter.
Cautions and applicability
Preclinical evidence only; findings do not establish a treatment effect in people. No funding statement was identified in the machine-readable full article; absence is not inferred. The full article contains a conflict, commercial-support or supplied-product declaration; consult the source wording.
Applies to the reported animal, cell or tissue model, not directly to patients.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Certainty is assessed by important outcome across a complete eligible evidence set, not by attaching a final grade to one source.
Sources and record status
PMID: 33231266 · DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rraa104
A free full article is available through PubMed Central.
Official Europe PMC JATS full article and PubMed/PMC identifiers; structured full-text extraction and validation completed 8 August 2026.
2026-08-10