Hydrogenology
Hydrogenology editorial study record

Electrolytic hydrogen-generating bottle supplies drinking water with free/combined chlorine and ozone repressed within safety standard under hydrogen-rich conditions

Hatae T, Miwa N. · Medical Gas Research. 2021;11(2):61–65.

PreclinicalH₂-rich waterPublished 2021
Study record, not medical adviceThis page reports one source and Hydrogenology’s source-text extraction. It does not establish that molecular hydrogen is effective, safe or appropriate for any person. Human, animal and laboratory evidence must not be treated as equivalent.
Source and classification

What kind of evidence is this?

Evidence stream

Preclinical

Reported design

Bench comparison of household electrolysis bottles and water-chemistry measurements

Research topic

Other molecular hydrogen research

Administration classification

H₂-rich water

Study result signal

Not reported in this record.

Outcome type

Not reported in this record.

Reported in the source

Methods at a glance

Population or model

Osaka municipal tap water electrolyzed in commercial bottle-type H₂-water generators; no animals or people were exposed.

Sample

Repeated measurements (reported n=4–12, in two to four experimental repeats) across full/half volumes, times and devices.

Duration

Ten to thirty minutes of electrolysis followed by immediate water-chemistry measurement.

Intervention

Direct-current electrolysis of 165–330 mL tap water for 10–30 minutes in named household devices.

Hydrogen form

H₂ dissolved in electrolyzed drinking water; the evolved-gas H₂/O₂ composition was not reported, so it is not labeled Brown's gas and was not inhaled.

H₂ specification

The focal bottle produced 444±7.2 μg/L dissolved H₂ after 10 minutes and a mean 479.3±79.1 μg/L after 30 minutes; gas generation flow was not provided.

H₂ flow

Not reported and not applicable to oral-water dosing — only dissolved concentration and electrolysis time/volume were measured.

O₂ delivered with H₂

No O₂ dose or flow was reported.

Comparator

Tap water before electrolysis and several commercial electrolyzer bottles; measurements used multiple chlorine/ozone methods.

Reported, not endorsed

Outcomes and reported result

Outcomes measured

Dissolved H₂, ORP, free/combined/total residual chlorine and dissolved ozone.

Reported result

The focal device increased dissolved H₂ while measured residual chlorine remained far below the cited 5 mg/L WHO value and ozone was below the reported 0.05 mg/L detection limit. Some other bottles showed time-dependent chlorine readings but still below the cited limit. No biological toxicity, consumption or health outcome was tested.

Results-extraction completeness

The complete free PMC article, methods, tables/figures and disclosures were checked for device names, water volumes, dissolved concentration, missing flow/gas composition, chlorine/ozone findings, replication, funding and conflicts.

A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit. Null findings, outcome type, study design and precision all matter.

Interpretation limits

Cautions and applicability

Design and reporting cautions

Bench chemistry only, small repeats, selected commercial devices, no comprehensive contaminant analysis, no biological safety assessment and broad health language unsupported by this experiment. Authors reported no funding and no conflict.

Applies directly to

Water-generator chemistry under the tested tap-water conditions; it does not prove that a device or its water is clinically beneficial or comprehensively safe.

Preliminary appraisal framework

Not reported in this record.

Preliminary risk-of-bias status

Not reported in this record.

Appraisal rationale

Not reported in this record.

No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Certainty is assessed by important outcome across a complete eligible evidence set, not by attaching a final grade to one source.

Provenance

Sources and record status

Identifiers

PMID: 33818445 · DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.311496

Publisher access

Free full article in PubMed Central.

Extraction basis

Complete PMC article and PubMed metadata; full-text extraction checked 9 August 2026.

Record revision

2026-08-10