Pharmacokinetics of hydrogen after ingesting a hydrogen-rich solution: A study in pigs
Ichihara G, Katsumata Y, Moriyama H, Kitakata H, Hirai A, Momoi M, Ko S, Shinya Y, Kinouchi K, Kobayashi E, Sano M. · Heliyon. 2021;7(11):e08359.
What kind of evidence is this?
Preclinical
Controlled preclinical study
Metabolic and lipid health
Other forms
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Methods at a glance
pigs, pig used to study metabolic and lipid health.
Preclinical study; group or assay counts reported in the full text include n=2.
2 min
Full text reports H₂ dissolved in another reported solution plus an injected or infused H₂ intervention. Detected intervention quantities or schedules: 1 mL, 1.5 mm, 500 mL, 2 min, 340%.
H₂ dissolved in another reported solution plus an injected or infused H₂ intervention — H₂ only unless the full text explicitly reports oxygen co-delivery.
H₂-related quantities reported in the intervention passages: 1 mL, 1.5 mm, 500 mL, 2 min, 340%. Values are not combined across different experimental arms.
Not applicable — no inhaled H₂ intervention was identified in the full article.
No inhaled O₂ co-delivery was identified for this non-inhalation intervention.
Control or comparison condition reported in the full article; see the linked methods for arm-specific details.
Outcomes and reported result
clinical symptoms or functional scores, tumor growth or cancer markers, oxidative-stress and antioxidant markers, apoptosis or cell injury, metabolic laboratory measures, neurological or behavioral measures
Article-reported result excerpt (24 words maximum): “In the two pigs injected with H_2-rich glucose solution and one of the pigs injected with H_2-free glucose solution, the respective glucose concentrations in…” This excerpt is not a complete result summary; consult the linked full text for all positive and null findings.
The complete machine-readable article was checked for source identity, methods, intervention quantities, results, tables, funding and conflict declarations. This public record is based on the full article.
A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit. Null findings, outcome type, study design and precision all matter.
Cautions and applicability
Preclinical evidence only; findings do not establish a treatment effect in people. No funding statement was identified in the machine-readable full article; absence is not inferred. No explicit conflict statement was identified in the machine-readable full article; absence is not inferred.
Applies to the reported animal, cell or tissue model, not directly to patients.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Certainty is assessed by important outcome across a complete eligible evidence set, not by attaching a final grade to one source.
Sources and record status
PMID: 34816046 · DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08359
A free full article is available through PubMed Central.
Official Europe PMC JATS full article and PubMed/PMC identifiers; structured full-text extraction and validation completed 8 August 2026.
2026-08-10