Effects of Hydrogen-Rich Water on Interleukin-1β, Number of Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats with Orthodontic Tooth Movement
Hadi LA, Hutapea AM, Florenly F. · Indonesian Biomedical Journal. 2023;15(6):376–383.
What kind of evidence is this?
Preclinical
Randomized controlled rat study
Oral and dental health
H₂-rich water
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Methods at a glance
Male rats with or without streptozotocin-induced diabetes and orthodontic tooth movement.
30 rats randomized to six groups; n=5 per group.
4 weeks of gavage after diabetes induction.
Hydrogen-rich water 5 mL by gavage three times daily for 4 weeks; corresponding groups received placebo water.
H₂ dissolved in water — H₂ only, not Brown's gas.
The article reports a hydrogen concentration of 1,000–1,100 ppm. This unusually high value is reproduced exactly and is not converted or corrected by Hydrogenology.
Not applicable — gavage, not gas inhalation.
No O₂ was co-delivered.
Orthodontic, hydrogen-water, diabetic, diabetic-plus-orthodontic, diabetic-plus-hydrogen-water and combined groups.
Outcomes and reported result
Serum IL-1β and osteoclast/osteoblast counts at orthodontic pressure and tension sides.
IL-1β was 140.07±5.14 pg/mL in diabetic-plus-orthodontic rats and 109.06±14.13 with added hydrogen-rich water. Osteoclast counts were lower and osteoblast counts higher in the combined group; the article reports p=0.000 for several comparisons.
The free journal full article, methods, tables and figures were checked.
A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit. Null findings, outcome type, study design and precision all matter.
Cautions and applicability
Small preclinical study. The stated 1,000–1,100 ppm concentration is atypical for dissolved H₂ and is reported without correction; a unit or measurement issue cannot be excluded.
Diabetic rat orthodontic-tooth-movement model only.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
Not reported in this record.
No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Certainty is assessed by important outcome across a complete eligible evidence set, not by attaching a final grade to one source.
Sources and record status
OpenAlex ID: W4389568527 · DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i6.2677
Open-access journal full article.
Indonesian Biomedical Journal full article; full-text extraction checked 8 August 2026.
2026-08-10