A Case Report of Adjuvant Molecular Hydrogen Therapy in Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis With Atlantoaxial Subluxation.
Ren YC, Lu JW, Ho YJ, Lui SW, Hsieh TY, Wang KY, Liu FC. · In Vivo. 2025;39:14166.
What kind of evidence is this?
Human
Case report
Musculoskeletal and pain research
Other forms
Indeterminate for molecular hydrogen.
Clinical course and immune biomarkers in a single patient.
Methods at a glance
An 85-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis, atlantoaxial subluxation, dialysis and multiple comorbidities.
1 patient.
Longitudinal follow-up described from 2023 onward.
Oral molecular-hydrogen therapy as an adjunct to ongoing multidisciplinary care.
Hydrogen generated after ingestion of a capsule; not Brown's gas.
A directly measured hydrogen dose or systemic concentration was not reported.
Not applicable — oral product.
No oxygen was co-delivered.
No control; before-and-after clinical course.
Outcomes and reported result
Hospital admissions, fatigue, clinical status and immune markers.
The report describes fewer admissions, reduced fatigue and changes in selected immune measures during follow-up.
The full case report, timeline, measurements and concomitant care were checked.
A reported association, difference or mechanism is not automatically a clinical benefit. Null findings, outcome type, study design and precision all matter.
Cautions and applicability
A single complex case with extensive concurrent care cannot establish treatment efficacy or isolate hydrogen.
This individual case only.
JBI Case Report Checklist — preliminary
Serious concerns
No comparator and very high confounding by comorbidity, dialysis, medications and concurrent care.
Single selected case · Co-interventions were present · Follow-up described in the report · Several outcomes were clinician- or patient-reported · No prespecified analysis plan
No single-study GRADE certainty rating is assigned. Certainty is assessed by important outcome across a complete eligible evidence set, not by attaching a final grade to one source.
Sources and record status
PMID: 41167690 · DOI: 10.21873/invivo.14166
Free full article in PubMed Central.
PubMed record and PubMed Central full text; extraction checked 9 August 2026.
2026-08-10